Harrow



(No Model.) 2 Shets-Sheet 1-.

P. A. JOHNSON.

HARBOW. No. 322,827. 4 Patented July 21, 1885.

mlllll lffl mum I ATTORNEY (N0 Modl.) I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2i 1?. A. JOHNSON.

HARROW. No. 322,227. Patented July 21, 1885.

' NVENTOR.

. ATTORNEYS,

NITE STATES ATENT OFFic HARROW.

CvPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,827, dated July 21, 1885.

Application filed October 11, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK ADOLPH- JOHNSON, of Madison, in the county of Dane and State of \Visconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Harrows; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a side view of my improved harrow-tooth holder, showing the tooth standing upright in full lines and inclined in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Fig. 3 isa top view of the holder with the tooth removed. Fig. 4 is abottom view of the same.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the drag or harrow with the teeth in position. Fig. 6 is atop view of the tooth-holder fastened to the drag-bar in connection with the double oblique cross or tie bar, portions of said bars being broken away. Fig. 7 is a front view of the same, and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the tooth-holder.

The same letters refer to the same parts in all the figures.

This invention relates to that class of harrows which are composed mainly or entirely of iron or other metal; and it has for its object to produce a device which shall possess superior advantages in point of simplicity, durability, and general efficiency.

To this end the invention consists, first, in the improved construction of a harrow-tooth fastener, which shall be simple, easily adj usted, and so constructed as to permit a swinging motion to the tooth, in the manner and for the purposes to be hereinafter described; secondly, the invention consists in the arrangement, in connection with the said toothholder, of a pair of oblique cross or tie bars, all as will be hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings,A represents a hollow three-sided casting, with flat horizontal lugs R and S projecting from the top and bottom of the edges of two of its sides or walls, said lugs forming right angles with the edges of said walls. One of said walls, 0, is perpendicular with a horizontal inwardly-projecting lug, I, near its upper portion. The

other wall, D, is smooth and inclined from top to bottom, thus making the opening at the top E to be smaller than the opening Fat the bottom.

G represents a harrow-tooth provided near its top with a notch, H, which engages with the lug I. By this arrangement it will be seen that as the harrow is being drawn in one direction the tooth will bear against the perpendicular wall 0 and stand in a perpendicular position, While, if the harrow be drawn in the opposite direction, the tooth will bear against the slanting wall D and stand in an inclined position.

The lugs R and S are provided with holes or perforations J and K, through which a bolt, L, passes vertically, serving to fasten the holder on the drag-bars by clamping the said lugs tightly against the top and bottom of the bar.

M M are projections on top of the lug R,

which help to hold the top or tie bars, P P, in

place when the harrow is put together.

0 O are the drag-bars, to which the toothholders are fastened.

P is an oblique brace-bar placed diagonally across the top of the harrow, and secured by means of the bolts L passing through holes in it; or it may be made of two parallel bars similar to the tie-bars P P. The said tie-bars are placed at the ends and at a slight angle to the drag-bars, so that when the team is hitched to the harrow the drag-bars will move forward in a slanting position, thus causing each tooth to cut in a new portion of the soil and not follow in the track of its predecessor.

In a harrow of the above description it is obvious that the pieces are all of the simplest construction, not having a single hole, slot, or mortise in any of the pieces except the brace, which can be dispensed with or made of two pieces, as suggested. The bars, which are all rectangular in cross-section, are cut of the desired length. The tooth-holders are complete of themselves, and only require common bolts to fasten them on the drag-bars, part of the bolts serving the double purpose of fastening the harrow together, as well as to secure the holder in place. The only piece that is of a peculiar shape is the tooth,whioh is provided with a slight notch near its upper end.

It will also be seen that the harrow is easily altered in several ways, as the number of dragbars can be increased or diminished, or made to move in different angles by changing the angle of the top tie-bars. The number of the teeth can be as easily increased or diminished. The harrow can be easily taken apart for the purpose of storage or shipment. It is light and easily handled, and if any of the pieces become defective they can be 'readily and cheaply removed and replaced.

I am aware of the patent issued to J. C. Williams for a pivoted harrow-tooth holder on December 9, 1884, No. 309,119, and I d not claim such construction; but

I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- 1. A barrow-tooth holder, composed of a hollow three-sided casting, A, having one of its sides or walls inclined, a horizontal pro- 0 jecting lug, R, secured to the tops of the edges of two of the sides, and a horizontal projecting lug, S, secured to the bottoms of the edges of said sides, each of said lugs being provided with a hole or perforation, substantially as 5 and for the purpose set forth.

2. A barrow-tooth holder, composed of a hollow three-sided casting, two of said'sides being perpendicular, one of which is provided near its upper inner portion with a horizontal lug and the remaining side smooth and inclined from top to bottom, a horizontal projecting lug secured to the tops of the edges of two'of said sides, and a horizontal projecting lug secured to the bottoms of the edges of said sides, said lugs projecting at right angles to said edges and each of them being provided with a hole or perforation, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of a series of drag-bars, a number of the above-described tooth-h olders secured thereto, each holder being provided with a suitable harrow-tooth and two pairs of parallel tie-bars secured to the tops of the end rows of said tooth-holders, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereunto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK ADOLPH JOHNSON. Witnesses:

CHAS. D. KING,

CHAS. R. RrEBsAM. 

